The role of Bacillus subtilis in dairy farming

The role of Bacillus subtilis in dairy farming枯草芽孢杆菌在奶牛养殖中的作用

      Ruminant animals, due to their unique fermentation method in the rumen, can only play their best role when the number of effective live bacteria is appropriate. With the increase in milk production and corresponding increase in fat, protein, and non fat solids in cows, the optimal live bacterial count for feeding Bacillus subtilis preparation to cows is 2 × 1010 CFU/d/head, and the effect is better when adding it at the beginning of lactation.反刍动物由于其独特的瘤胃发酵方式，只有在有效活菌数量合适的情况下才能发挥其最佳作用。随着产奶量的增加，奶牛体内脂肪、蛋白质和非脂肪固体物质含量相应增加，饲喂枯草芽孢杆菌制剂的最佳活菌数为2 × 1010 CFU/d/头，且在泌乳初期添加效果较好。

      Bacillus subtilis 枯草芽孢杆菌 only exists sporadically in animal intestines and is a passing bacterium in animal intestines. Currently, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus cereus are among the most commonly used probiotic products for research and application. Bacillus is a type of aerobic bacteria that produces spores under certain conditions. Compared with commonly used probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria, Yifuyuan Bacillus has the following advantages and characteristics:枯草芽孢杆菌仅零星存在于动物肠道中，是动物肠道中的一种过路细菌。目前，枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌是研究和应用最广泛的益生菌产品。芽孢杆菌是一种需氧细菌，在一定条件下产生孢子。与乳酸菌等常用益生菌相比，益福源芽孢杆菌具有以下优势和特点:

1. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and extrusion resistance, and can withstand the influence of pellet feed processing;1. 具有耐高温、耐酸碱、耐挤压等特点，能承受颗粒饲料加工的影响;

2. During storage, it exists in the form of spores and does not consume the nutritional components of the feed, which can maintain the quality of the feed;2. 在贮存过程中以孢子形式存在，不消耗饲料的营养成分，能保持饲料的品质;

3. After entering the intestine, it quickly revives in the upper part of the intestine, with a revival rate close to 100%3. 进入肠道后，在肠道上部迅速复苏，复苏率接近100%

4. Bacillus can produce proteases, amylases, lipases, and various amino acids;4. 芽孢杆菌能产生蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶和各种氨基酸;

5. Bacillus can consume a large amount of oxygen, maintain an anaerobic environment in the intestine, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and maintain a normal ecological balance in the intestine;5. 芽孢杆菌能消耗大量氧气，维持肠道内的厌氧环境，抑制致病菌的生长，维持肠道内正常的生态平衡;

6. Has the function of balancing and stabilizing lactobacilli.6. 具有平衡和稳定乳酸菌的作用。

      Bacillus subtilis 枯草芽孢杆菌 is the most ideal microbial additive, with high protease, cellulase, and amylase activities, and strong degradation ability of plant-based carbohydrates. Moreover, Bacillus subtilis has high stability in the processing of granular and powdered materials, as well as in acidic and alkaline environments, and plays a role in the intestine without excessive proliferation. Bacillus subtilis can utilize glucose to produce acid and has a high survival rate in the pH range of 2.2-7.0. It can resist various antibiotics and is an excellent probiotic.苏云金芽孢杆菌具有较高的蛋白酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性，对植物性碳水化合物具有较强的降解能力，是最理想的微生物添加剂。此外，苏云金芽孢杆菌在颗粒状和粉状物质的加工中，以及在酸性和碱性环境中都具有很高的稳定性，并且在肠道中发挥作用而不会过度增殖。枯草芽孢杆菌能利用葡萄糖产酸，在2.2-7.0的pH范围内具有较高的存活率。它能抵抗各种抗生素，是一种优良的益生菌。