What are the effects of Bacillus subtilis on animals

What are the effects of Bacillus subtilis on animals枯草芽孢杆菌对动物有什么影响

Bacillus subtilis plays multiple important roles in animals. Here is a detailed introduction:枯草芽孢杆菌在动物中起着多种重要作用。下面详细介绍一下：

Improving the intestinal health of animals改善动物肠道健康

Regulating the balance of gut microbiota:调节肠道菌群平衡：

      After entering the animal intestine, Bacillus subtilis can quickly consume free oxygen in the intestine, creating an anaerobic environment conducive to the growth and reproduction of beneficial anaerobic bacteria (such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, etc.), thereby inhibiting the growth of harmful aerobic bacteria (such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, etc.), making the intestinal microbiota structure more reasonable and stable, and reducing the probability of intestinal diseases. For example, in piglet farming, adding Bacillus subtilis can significantly reduce diarrhea rates and increase the proportion of beneficial bacteria in the piglet intestine.枯草芽孢杆菌进入动物肠道后，能迅速消耗肠道内的游离氧，创造有利于有益厌氧菌（如双歧杆菌、乳杆菌等）生长繁殖的厌氧环境，从而抑制有害需氧菌（如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌等）的生长，使肠道菌群结构更加合理稳定，降低肠道疾病发生的概率。例如，在仔猪养殖中，添加枯草芽孢杆菌可以显著降低仔猪腹泻率，增加仔猪肠道有益菌的比例。

It can also directly inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and further maintain the balance of intestinal microbiota by secreting antibacterial substances such as bacteriocins and lipopeptides.还能直接抑制致病菌的生长，通过分泌细菌素、脂肽等抗菌物质，进一步维持肠道菌群的平衡。

Enhance intestinal barrier function:增强肠道屏障功能：

      Stimulating the secretion of mucus by intestinal epithelial cells, the mucus layer is the first line of defense for the intestine to resist harmful substances from the outside world. Its thickening can better block the invasion of bacteria and toxins into the intestinal mucosa.黏液层刺激肠上皮细胞分泌黏液，是肠道抵御外界有害物质的第一道防线。它的增厚可以更好地阻断细菌和毒素侵入肠粘膜。

      Promote the expression of tight junction proteins between intestinal epithelial cells, making the connections between intestinal cells even tighter, just like filling the gaps in a city wall, preventing "enemies" such as bacteria and toxins from entering the animal body through the intestinal barrier, reducing the risk of endotoxemia and other diseases, and ensuring the health of the animal body.促进肠上皮细胞之间紧密连接蛋白的表达，使肠细胞之间的连接更加紧密，就像填满了城墙的缝隙，防止细菌、毒素等“敌人”通过肠道屏障进入动物体内，降低内毒素血症等疾病的风险，保证动物身体的健康。

Improve animal digestive ability提高动物消化能力

      Producing multiple digestive enzymes: Bacillus subtilis can synthesize and secrete various digestive enzymes such as amylase, protease, lipase, etc. These enzymes help break down complex carbohydrates, proteins, fats and other nutrients in feed, making them smaller molecules that are more easily absorbed by animals. For example, in poultry farming, adding Bacillus subtilis can better help chickens digest and utilize nutrients in feed, improve feed conversion rate, reduce feed to meat ratio, and save breeding costs.产生多种消化酶：枯草芽孢杆菌可以合成和分泌多种消化酶，如淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶等。这些酶有助于分解饲料中复杂的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪和其他营养物质，使它们的分子更小，更容易被动物吸收。例如，在家禽养殖中，添加枯草芽孢杆菌可以更好地帮助鸡消化和利用饲料中的营养物质，提高饲料转化率，降低料肉比，节约养殖成本。

      Promoting nutrient absorption: By improving the intestinal microenvironment and villus morphology, increasing the absorption area of the intestine, and regulating the physiological functions of the intestine, animals can improve their absorption efficiency of various nutrients (such as amino acids, vitamins, minerals, etc.) in feed, enabling them to obtain more nutrients from the same feed to meet their growth, reproduction, and other needs.促进营养物质的吸收：动物通过改善肠道微环境和绒毛形态，增加肠道的吸收面积，调节肠道的生理功能，提高对饲料中各种营养物质（如氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等）的吸收效率，使其能够从同一种饲料中获得更多的营养物质，满足其生长、繁殖等需要。

Enhance animal immunity 增强动物免疫力

      Activating immune cells: can stimulate the activity of animal immune cells (such as macrophages, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, etc.), enabling them to better play their immune defense functions, recognize and eliminate invading pathogens, enhance the non-specific immune ability of animal bodies, and enable animals to respond more quickly to external pathogen invasion.

      Regulating the secretion of immune factors: Inducing the animal body to produce various immune regulatory factors, such as interleukins, interferons, etc. These immune factors play a key role in regulating immune response, enhancing the synergistic effect between immune cells, and keeping the overall immune function of animals in good condition, improving disease resistance, reducing disease occurrence, and promoting healthy growth and development of animals.

Improving the breeding environment改善养殖环境

      Reduce harmful gas emissions such as ammonia: In animal intestines, Bacillus subtilis helps to improve the utilization of nitrogen and other nutrients in feed, reducing the excretion of undigested and unabsorbed nutrients through feces. Moreover, in feces, it can continue to play a role by reducing the content of organic matter in feces through activities such as microbial decomposition and metabolism, reducing the production of harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, improving the air quality of breeding sites, creating a healthier and more comfortable living environment for animals, and also having a positive effect on improving the working environment of breeding personnel.减少氨等有害气体的排放：在动物肠道中，枯草芽孢杆菌有助于提高饲料中氮和其他营养物质的利用率，减少未消化和未吸收的营养物质通过粪便排出。此外，在粪便中，它可以通过微生物分解代谢等活动，降低粪便中有机物的含量，减少氨、硫化氢等有害气体的产生，改善养殖场所的空气质量，为动物创造更健康、更舒适的生活环境，对改善养殖人员的工作环境也有积极的作用。

Improve animal productivity提高动物生产力

      Promoting growth and development: Taking into account the positive effects on intestinal health, digestive ability, immunity, and other aspects mentioned above, animals can grow more healthily, manifested as accelerated weight gain and shortened growth cycles. For example, in beef cattle breeding, the reasonable addition of Bacillus subtilis preparations can increase the daily weight gain of beef cattle, reach the standard for slaughter weight in advance, and increase the economic benefits of breeding.促进生长发育：考虑到上述对肠道健康、消化能力、免疫等方面的积极作用，动物可以更健康地生长，表现为体重增加加快、生长周期缩短。如在肉牛养殖中，合理添加枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，可提高肉牛日增重，提前达到屠宰体重标准，提高养殖经济效益。

      Improving reproductive performance: For breeding animals, good intestinal health and immune status can help improve reproductive efficiency. Indicators such as pregnancy rate, litter size, and survival rate of offspring may be improved, ensuring the reproduction of animal populations and the sustainable development of the breeding industry.提高繁殖性能：对种畜来说，良好的肠道健康和免疫状态有助于提高繁殖效率。可以提高受孕率、产仔数、后代存活率等指标，保证动物种群的繁殖和养殖业的可持续发展。

      In summary, Bacillus subtilis is widely used in animal husbandry and plays a crucial role in improving animal health and breeding efficiency综上所述，枯草芽孢杆菌在畜牧业中应用广泛，对提高动物健康和养殖效率起着至关重要的作用