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The role of Enterococcus faecalis in animals

0 Author 2024-11-22 09:03:08

Improving the gut microbiota environment

      Inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria: In animal intestines, Enterococcus faecalis can compete with harmful bacteria for living space, nutrients, and other resources based on its adaptability to the intestinal environment and survival competitive advantages. For example, it can inhibit the adhesion and proliferation of pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella and other harmful microorganisms in the intestinal mucosa, reduce the number of these harmful bacteria, reduce the risk of intestinal infectious diseases in animals, and maintain the relative balance of intestinal flora.

      Promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis produces some metabolites that are beneficial for the growth of beneficial bacteria during the metabolic process, such as short chain fatty acids (such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc.). These short chain fatty acids can provide nutrition for other beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria, create a suitable intestinal microenvironment, promote the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria, further optimize the structure of intestinal microbiota, and enhance the stability of intestinal microbiota.

Improve animal digestive ability

      Secretion of digestive enzymes: Enterococcus faecalis can synthesize and secrete various digestive enzymes, including protease, amylase, lipase, etc. Taking pigs as an example, after feeding, these enzymes participate in the digestion process of food, helping to break down large molecule nutrients such as protein, starch, and fat in the feed, converting them into small molecule peptides, amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, etc. that are more easily absorbed by the pig's intestines, thereby improving the digestion and utilization efficiency of the feed and allowing animals to obtain more nutrients from the feed to meet their physiological needs for growth, reproduction, and other activities.

      Enhance nutrient absorption: It helps improve the physiological function of animal intestines, such as by regulating the shape and length of intestinal villi, increasing the surface area of intestinal mucosa, and enhancing the ability of the intestine to absorb nutrients. At the same time, Enterococcus faecalis participates in the synthesis of some vitamins (such as vitamin B, vitamin K, etc.) in the intestine, which play an important role in maintaining normal physiological metabolism and promoting growth and development in animals.

Enhance animal immunity

      Activation of immune cells: Enterococcus faecalis can stimulate immune cells in animal intestinal related lymphoid tissues, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, etc., promoting their activation and functional activity. For example, activated macrophages enhance their phagocytic ability, effectively recognize and eliminate foreign pathogens, antigens, and other substances entering the intestine, and play a key role in the innate immune defense system of animals, helping them resist the invasion of foreign pathogens.

      Regulating the secretion of immune factors: It can induce intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells to produce various immune regulatory factors, such as interleukin, interferon, tumor necrosis factor, etc. These immune factors participate in the signal transduction between immune cells and the regulation of immune responses, which can maintain the animal's immune system in a moderate and balanced state. They can not only timely respond to pathogen invasion and trigger effective immune responses, but also avoid excessive immunity causing damage to the body itself.

Application of Enterococcus faecalis in animals

Application in livestock and poultry breeding

      As a feed additive: In poultry farming such as chickens and ducks, adding Enterococcus faecalis to feed can improve the digestion rate of poultry, promote their growth and development, increase their body weight more ideally, and improve egg production rate and egg quality. In the breeding of livestock such as pigs, cows, and sheep, it helps to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in young animals. For example, during the weaning stage of piglets, due to their immature intestinal function, diarrhea problems are prone to occur. Adding fecal enterococci can regulate the intestinal microbiota, enhance intestinal barrier function, reduce the risk of diarrhea, help piglets smoothly pass the weaning period, accelerate growth rate, and improve the economic benefits of breeding.

      Improving the breeding environment: Due to the inhibition of harmful bacteria growth and reproduction by Enterococcus faecalis in animal intestines, the number of harmful bacteria excreted in animal feces is correspondingly reduced, thereby reducing the pollution level of harmful bacteria in the breeding farm and reducing the production of harmful gases such as ammonia. This has a positive impact on improving the air quality and hygiene of the breeding environment, creating a relatively healthy and comfortable breeding environment that is conducive to the healthy growth of livestock and poultry, and reducing pollution to the surrounding environment.

Application in aquaculture

      Improving the disease resistance of aquatic animals: In the aquaculture of fish, shrimp, crabs and other aquatic animals, adding Enterococcus faecalis to the aquaculture water or making microecological preparations to feed can regulate the intestinal microbiota of aquatic animals, enhance their immunity, improve their resistance to common pathogenic bacteria (such as Vibrio), reduce the occurrence of diseases, lower the mortality rate caused by diseases in aquaculture, and ensure the yield and quality of aquaculture.

      Promoting the growth of aquatic animals: Enterococcus faecalis can help aquatic animals better digest and absorb nutrients in feed. For example, in shrimp farming, it can improve the utilization of protein and other nutrients, promote shrimp molting and growth and development, make shrimp larger in size and grow more neatly, and improve farming efficiency.

Application in pet breeding

      Regulating pet gut health: For pets such as cats and dogs, changes in dietary structure and stress can easily lead to imbalances in gut microbiota, causing problems such as diarrhea and indigestion. As a beneficial additive in pet food or health products, Enterococcus faecalis can regulate the intestinal microbiota of pets, improve intestinal function, alleviate these intestinal discomfort symptoms, make pet feces more solid, reduce odor, and enhance the overall health of pets.

      Enhancing pet immunity: By stimulating the pet's intestinal immune system, activating immune cells, and regulating the secretion of immune factors, Enterococcus faecalis helps to enhance the pet's resistance, reduce the chance of pets getting sick from viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens, make pets healthier and more lively, and extend their healthy lifespan.

      However, it should be noted that Enterococcus faecalis is a kind of conditional pathogen, which may cause infectious diseases of animals, such as urinary system infection and local tissue inflammation, under special circumstances such as severe decline of animal immunity and damage of intestinal mucosa. Therefore, when applying products related to Enterococcus faecalis, it is important to ensure reliable product quality and reasonable dosage to fully utilize their beneficial effects and avoid potential risks.

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